一、 主动语态和被迫语态的见识kaiyun

1）He opened the door. 他开了门。

以上例句是一个主动句，主语是手脚的本质者/发出者

2）The door was opened by him. 门被开了。

第二个例句是一个被迫句，主语是手脚的承受者

汉语中默示被迫的词：被…/ 由…/ 受…/ 给…

英语中表被迫用：be+夙昔分词组成

二、 被迫语态的结构及用法

1）被迫语态的几种句型

详情句：主语+be+及物动词的夙昔分词+（by）

eg: My phone was made in China.

含糊句：主语+be not+夙昔分词+（by）

eg: My phone wasn’t made in China.

一般疑问句：Be+主语+夙昔分词+（by）？

eg: Was your phone made in China?

出奇疑问句：出奇疑问词+be+主语+夙昔分词+（by）?

eg: Where was your phone made?

2）不同期态中的被迫语态

3） 被迫语态的用法

当不知谈或莫得必要指移手脚的本质者时，常用被迫语态，这往往常无用by短语。The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday.

昨天，教室的前窗被突破了。(不知谁突破的)

They have been poorly paid.

他们的工资太低。(没必要指出工资是谁付的)

超越或强调治作的承受者，淌若需要说移手脚的本质者，用by短语。

These books are written especially for children.

这些书是有益为孩子们写的。(强调的是“这些书”)

三、主动语态变被迫语态

1）一般情况下主动语态变被迫语态

主动句：He closed the door.

变被迫句：The door was closed by him.

口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done, 时不变，数格必须随被变。

2）主动语态中若有双宾语

Vivian gave me a book. 双宾语（me是间宾， book是直宾）

-I was given a book by Vivian. 曲折宾语提前

-A book was given to me by Vivian. 胜利宾语提前时，要在曲折宾语前加介词

动词make/buy/get用for; 动词give/send/lend/take用to

3) “感使动词”(feel, hear, listen to, let, have, make, see, watch, notice, look at)真奇怪，主动结构“to”走开，被迫结构又请来，十个动词要记牢，不会被它再难倒。

We saw him play football on the playground.

咱们看见他在操场上打篮球。

变被迫：He was seen to play football on the playground.

他被咱们看到在操场上打篮球。

四、主动方式表被迫意旨

1) 系动词莫得被迫语态，如feel, sound, taste, look, become, fall, get, grow, keep, remain, seem, smell, stay, turn等等

Your idea sounds good. 你的提防听起来蛮好的。

You look beautiful. 你看起来好意思好意思的。

2) 在need, require, want, be worth , deserve等词的后头，动名词用主动方式默示被迫意旨

The TV needs repairing. 电视需要修理。

= The TV needs to be repaired.

3) 一般说来，不足物动词或不足物动词短语弗成使用被迫语态，常见的有：appear, die, disappear, end（vi. 范围）, fail, happen, last, lie, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place，occur等。

A car accident happened in the street.

一场车祸发生在街上。

Great changes have taken place in my hometown.

我的故土发生了剧变。

4) 在某些形容词后头，当不定式抒发的情况与它前边的名词或代词组成逻辑上的动宾联系时，用主动式默示被迫意旨。

She has an important meeting to attend.

她有一个普遍的会议要投入。

五、易错点纪念（常考点）

1）在技艺、条目状语从句中，要用一般现往往的被迫语态默示异日时的被迫语态。

If l am given enough time, I will do it better.

给我富裕的技艺，我会作念得更好。

2）固定结构中的介词或副词在被迫结构中不可省去。

Such a bad habit should be got rid of.

这么的坏风气应该改掉。（of 不不错省去的）

3）有些动词如write, read, sell，wash, open等当强调治作本质情况时, 有被迫语态; 当用作不足物动词来讲明主语本人所具有的特征时,无被迫语态。

The computers were sold out, because they sell well.

电脑被卖光了，因为它们卖得好。

The cloth washes easily.

这布很好洗。

4）在“too…to…”结构和形容词 enough to do结构中,频繁用主动方式默示被迫意旨。

The problem is too difficult to work out.

5）常见的被迫语态的句型搭配

传说..... It is said that ...

据报导.. It is reported that ...

据推断..... It is supposed that ...

但愿.... It is hoped that ...

人所共知..... It is well known that ...

无数以为..... It is generally considered that ...

有东谈主淡薄..... It is suggested that

【专项检修】共计25题

1. A red sky in the morning _______ to be a sign of bad weather.

A. says B. is saying C. is said D. is being said

2. The book _______ for anyone who wants to learn more about the Internet.

A. is intended B. has intended C. is intending D. will intend

3. Blood is the medium in which oxygen _______ to all parts of the body.

A. is carried B. has carried C. is carrying D. will carry

4. If the package _______ well, we assume the contents are also wonderful.

A. is wrapped B. has wrapped C. is wrapping D. will wrap

5. Both hydrogen and oxygen are elements, but water, which _______ when they combine, is not.

A. is formed B. has formed C. is forming D. will form

6. The swimmer hung on to the rope and _______ to safety.

A. is pulled B. has pulled C. was pulled D. was pulling

7. Einstein _______ the Nobel Prize for his contribution to Quantum Theory.

A. is awarded B. has awarded C. was awarded D. was awarding

8. They ought to have arrived at lunchtime but the flight _______.

A. is delayed B. has delayed C. was delayed D. was delaying

9. The crunch came when she _______ to choose between her marriage and her career.

A. is forced B. has forced C. was forced D. was forcing

10. I _______ to wait four hours before I was examined by a doctor.

A. made B. has made C. was made D. was making

11. Anyone seen carrying boxes, bags, or whatever, _______ by the police.

A. stopped B. has stopped C. was stopped D. was stopping

12. I can’t turn a blind eye when someone _______.

A. has robbed B. was robbed C. was robbing D. is being robbed

13. The dealer will provide you with a courtesy car while your vehicle_______.

A. has repaired B. was repaired C. is being repaired D. was been repaired

14. The Olympic torch is carried by runners to the place where the games _______.

A. has held B. was held C. are being held D. were been held

15. He apologized to the people who _______.

A. affected B. has affected C. have been affected D. had been affected

16. No decision ______ until next year, so you’ll just have to wait and see.

A. have made B. are made C. will make D. will be made

17. Candidates who are successful in the written test ______ for an interview.

A. have invited B. have been invited C. will invite D. will be invited

18. There is every chance that more jobs ______ later this year.

A. will lose B. will be lost C. have lost D. have been lost

19. There’s still a ray of hope that the missing child ______ alive.

A. was found B. have found C. will find D. will be found

20. Full details of the election results ______ in a special edition of tomorrow’s newspaper.

A. will publish B. will be published C. have published D. have been published

21. No-one knows how many people ______ since the war began.

A. have killed B. have been killed C. killed D. were killed

22. She has written two novels, both of which ______ into television series.

A. have made B. have been made C. had made D. had been made

23. Due to the recent high cost of borrowing, many companies ______ to close.

A. had forced B. had been forced C. have forced D. have been forced

24. Once the goods ______ for they will be delivered at your convenience.

A. have paid B. have been paid C. will pay D. will been paid

25. At least fifty four people ______ and a further fifty are missing.

A. have killed B. have been killed C. will kill D. will be killed

参考谜底：1-5DAAAD 6-10CCCCC

11-15CDDAD 16-20DDBDB 21-25BBDBB

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